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Nerves Nerves retroperitoneum by Vannesa

SUBMITTED BY VANESSA LOPEZ RAMIREZ


SUBMITTED TO DR. JOSE DEL CARMEN RUIZ












ARMENIA, Quindío
FEBRUARY 2010




sympathetic trunk on the chest pass laterally to the transverse processes. In the abdomen are the bodies anterolaterally of the vertebrae, then passes above the sacrum to join and form the ganglion impar.

the sympathetic trunk have formed the splanchnic nerves, to join the plexus and prevertebral ganglia of the anterior aspect of the aorta. Two types

splanchnic nerves:
- thoracic splanchnic nerves, lumbar and sacral are the ones who are sympathetic fibers.
- pelvic splanchnic nerves: parasympathetic root are.

thoracic splanchnic nerves:

There are 3 nerves - Nerve splancmc higher thoracic: What emerges from the thoracic sympathetic ganglia from the fifth to 9 (or tenth). Is directed toward the celiac ganglion.
- lower thoracic nerve splancmc. This consists of the thoracic sympathetic ganglia from the ninth or tenth, to the eleventh. Is directed towards the renal aortic lymph node.
- lower thoracic nerve splancmc: Emerge from the twelfth thoracic sympathetic ganglion (sometimes the eleventh) and goes directly to the renal plexus.


- lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves: Go directly to inter mesenteric plexus to give sympathetic component.
- pelvic splanchnic nerves: These are the only splanchnic nerves that carry parasympathetic component. Spinal nerves from S2 to S4. The fibers provide the sympathetic component to the hypogastric plexus and some fibers ascend to innervate the distal transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid.


abdominal prevertebral ganglia plexus dependent.

celiac plexus, is composed of a group of nodes that are located at the level of the first lumbar vertebra. Celiac ganglia, renal and aortic lymph superior mesenteric ganglion are located at the level of the corresponding arteries.

- The celiac ganglia: They are located above the first lumbar vertebra, related to the celiac trunk of the aorta. They rest on the side of the aorta and are listed above right the inferior vena cava and the head of the pancreas and left above relate to the back of the omental bursa.

- aorticorenales nodes: They are located inferiorly to the celiac ganglia in some books states that are part of the celiac ganglia.

- superior mesenteric ganglion: Located on the top of the homonymous artery, usually merge with celiac ganglia forming a horseshoe shape.

inter-mesenteric plexus



represents the continuation of the celiac plexus inferiorly. It is located in front of the aorta between the superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery. Receives an important contribution of parasympathetic fibers from the lumbar splanchnic nerves. This plexus is located inferior mesenteric ganglion.
; ; Autonomous subsidiary plexuses
:

- phrenic plexus: Takes accompanying the inferior phrenic arteries. Receives fibers from the phrenic nerve and celiac ganglion. His sympathetic component is given by the greater thoracic splanchnic nerves (because it receives fibers from the celiac ganglion) and parasympathetic component is given by the fibers from the vagal trunks.
- Plexus Splenic, left gastric plexus, Plexus Liver: They have similar characteristics to the previous. Travel co arterial branches with which they are entitled. Splenic plexus fibers can contribute to the pancreas. The left gastric plexus is notable for its importance in pyloric function. The hepatic plexus travels with the hepatic artery and portal vein, emphasizes its importance due to fibers forming the plexus cystic from this.
- Adrenal Plexus: Its fibers from the celiac ganglion and vagal trunks. It should be noted that fibers may also receive renal plexus, ie also receives nerve fibers and nerve splancmc splancmc less than or at least since the lower splancmc nerve fibers to contribute their aortic lymph renal (source of fibers to the renal plexus) and the minimum splancmc nerve goes directly to the renal plexus, so this plexus have these afferents.
- Plexus Renal sympathetic fibers receive their renal aortic lymph node and nerve splancmc minimum and parasympathetic fibers from the vagal trunks. We generated a ureteral plexus and also generates a testicular or ovarian plexus.
- superior mesenteric plexus: Basically it follows the celiac plexus with similar characteristics.
- inferior mesenteric plexus: Note that parasympathetic fibers from the pelvic splanchnic nerves to the innervation of the hindgut.